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QOJ

Time Limit: 2 s Memory Limit: 512 MB Total points: 100

#838. 可怕的环

Statistics

给定一个二分图,其每一侧各有 $n$ 个顶点。 在这个图中,左侧的每个顶点都与右侧顶点的一个前缀相连。具体来说,左侧的第 $i$ 个顶点与右侧的顶点 $1, 2, \dots, a_i$ 相连。 求该图中简单环的数量。如果两个环包含的边集不同,则认为它们是不同的。 由于该数量可能很大,请输出其对 $998\,244\,353$ 取模的结果。

输入格式

第一行包含一个整数 $n$ ($1 \le n \le 5000$),表示每一侧顶点的数量。 第二行包含 $n$ 个整数 $a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n$ ($1 \le a_i \le n$),描述给定的图。

输出格式

输出一个整数:给定图中简单环的数量,对 $998\,244\,353$ 取模。

样例

样例输入 1

1
1

样例输出 1

0

样例输入 2

2
2 2

样例输出 2

1

样例输入 3

3
3 3 2

样例输出 3

7

样例输入 4

10
6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10

样例输出 4

410150080

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